History 2 Examination NECTA 2024 Question with Answers

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World map.
Time: 3 Hours

Answer five questions. Question one is compulsory.

1. In six points, reveal the existence of underdevelopment in the Third World countries.

Lack of clean and safe water: In poor countries, many people do not have access to clean and safe water. Only 57 percent of Tanzania’s population of 57 million have access to an improved source of safe water. Under these circumstances people, particularly women and girls, spend a significant amount of time traveling some distance to collect water.

Poor health services: In poor countries, health care is poor. Also poor people are not able to afford health care costs. For example in Tanzania, poor health services have been responsible for the prevalence of infectious diseases such as diarrhea, malaria, and tuberculosis.

Low Life expectancy: Poor countries experience low life expectancy. According to the Health Statistical Abstract (1977), the average life expectancy at birth in Tanzania is 50 years compared to life expectancy of 77 years in developed countries.

Illiteracy: Illiteracy is unable to read or write. Many people in developing countries are illiterate.

Unemployment: Many people in poor countries are unemployed. This is different from developed countries where by unemployment rate is low.

Low per capital income: Per capital income is an average income earned per person. Poor country have low per capital income as compared to developed ones.

2. Slave trade was incompatible with industrial development and humanity. Justify this statement in six points.

Slave trade was incompatible with industrial development as industries needed law materials so people who were taken as slaves had to remain to their mother countries to produce raw materials such as cotton, sisal and coffee. It was incompatible with humanity as it was against human rights to make someone a slave. Everyone was born free.

Undermined Economic Potential: Enslaved people were not paid for their labor, depriving them of the ability to participate in the consumer economy. This limited the market for industrial goods, hindering the growth of manufacturing and related industries.

Disrupted Social Structures: The slave trade tore apart families and communities in Africa, leading to instability and the loss of valuable human capital. This hindered the development of stable societies, which are essential for long-term economic growth.

Limited Technological Innovation: Enslaved people were often forced to work in brutal conditions that discouraged innovation and creativity. This stifled the development of new technologies and production methods, which are crucial for industrial advancement.

Promoted Unethical Business Practices: The slave trade fostered a culture of exploitation and disregard for human life. This undermined ethical business practices and created an environment where profits were prioritized over human rights.

Perpetuated Social Injustice: The slave trade was built on the foundation of racism and dehumanization. This legacy of injustice continues to impact societies today, hindering social progress and hindering the full potential of individuals and communities.

3. In six points, show how the 1920s-1930s economic crisis influenced the rise of totalitarian government in Germany after the first world war.

How great economic depression influenced the rise of totalitarian government in Germany:

Famine and starvation made people lost hope with democratic government accusing them for failing to solve the problem of the depression thus the adoption of fascist regimes.

Hitler promised people to solve the problem of the great depression and he accused the government to be the reason for economic depression. Many people believed him.

Promises of Order and Stability: The Nazis presented themselves as the only party capable of restoring order and stability to Germany. They promised to create jobs, rebuild the economy, and restore national pride.

Scapegoating and Nationalism: The Nazis capitalized on the economic turmoil by blaming external forces, particularly Jews and communists, for Germany's problems. This scapegoating fueled nationalist sentiments and a desire for a strong, authoritarian leader.

Weakening of Democracy: The economic crisis undermined the legitimacy of the Weimar Republic, the democratic government in place at the time. This instability created a power vacuum that extremist groups like the Nazi Party were able to exploit.  

Bank failures: The Great Depression caused bank failures, which the Nazis used as evidence of the ineffectiveness of democratic government.

Pata Majibu ya Maswali yaliyobaki kwa Tsh. 1,000/= tu, Wasiliana na Mwalimu Hapa

4. In six points, show how economic aspects accelerated European colonial rivalries in the 19th century.

5. In six points, evaluate the economic impact of the Arusha declaration in Tanzania by 1985.

6. In six points, examine the influence of the second world war in promoting the United States of America’s economy.

7. Explain six aspects which would have made someone reveal the existence of cold war between Eastern and Western blocs from 1945 to 1990s.

Pata Majibu ya Maswali yaliyobaki kwa Tsh. 1,000/= tu, Wasiliana na Mwalimu Hapa

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